 |
Publisher: Peytchinski Publishing Ltd.
ISSN: 1312-773X (Online)
Issue: 2024, vol. 30, issue4
Subject Area: Dental Medicine
-
DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024304.5916
Published online: 10 December 2024
Review article
J of IMAB. 2024 Oct-Dec;30(4):5916-5924
SIZE OF APICAL CONSTRICTION IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF PERMANENT TEETH
Evgeni Stanev
, Sevda Yantcheva,
Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
ABSTRACT:
Background: The final size of the apical root canal preparation has been a contraversion issue for a long time. The enlargement of the apical portion of the root canal may severely affect endodontic prognosis. Preparation of the apical zone to a larger file size may negatively affect the ability to control the filling material during root canal obturation. An excessively expanded apical zone increases the risk of overfilling, which has been shown to be associated with a reduced success rate. This article aims to review research papers on the anatomical natural diameter of the apical root canal constriction, which is the endpoint of the endodontic preparation and should determine the appropriate size of the apical and root canal preparation.
Review Results: In the review, we have included various scientific articles from recent years that comment on the size and shape of the apical constriction in different groups of teeth. We have summarized the results in graphs that give a visual idea of the differences in the sizes of the different apical constrictions.
Conclusion: The root apex is morphologically a challenging zone. The endodontist should have detailed knowledge of anatomic variation and mechanics challenges involved in treating apical third to manage endodontic therapy effectively. More research is needed to elucidate the influence of the size of the apical constriction on the apical stop preparation.
Keywords: apical constriction, tooth anatomy, apical zone, root canal constriction,
- Download FULL TEXT /PDF 1781 KB/
Please cite this article as: Stanev E, Yantcheva S. Size of apical constriction in different types of permanent teeth. J of IMAB. 2024 Oct-Dec;30(4):5916-5924. [Crossref - 10.5272/jimab.2024304.5916]
Correspondence to: Evgeni Stanev, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Sofia; 1, Sv. Georgi Sofiyski Str., Sofia, Bulgaria; E-mail: stanev242@gmail.com
REFERENCES:
1. Kuttler Y. Microscopic investigation of root apexes. J Am Dent Assoc. 1955 May;50(5):544-52. [PubMed]
2. Vertucci FJ. Root canal morphology and its relationship to endodontic procedure. Endodontic Topics. 2005 Mar;10(1):3-29. [Crossref]
3. Peters OA. Current challenges and concepts in preparation of root canal systems: A review. J Endod. 2004 Aug;30(8):559-567. [PubMed]
4. Tinaz AC, Alacam T, Uzun O, Maden M, Kayaoglu G. The effect of disruption of apical constriction on periapical extrusion. J Endod. 2005 Jul;31(7):533-5. [PubMed]
5. Negishi J, Kawanami M, Ogami E. Risk analysis of failure of root canal treatment for teeth with inaccessible apical constriction. J Dent. 2005 May;33(5):399-404. [PubMed]
6. Dencheva M. [Perturbation fields in the maxillofacial region in hemodialysis and renal transplant patients – a behavioral algorithm.] [dissertation] Sofia (Bulgaria): FDM, Sofia. 2010. [in Bulgarian]
7. Skillen WG. Why root canals should be filled to the dentinocemental junction. J Am Dent Assoc. 1930;17(11):2082-2090. [Crossref]
8. Grove CJ. Why root canals should be filled to the dentinocemental junction. J Am Dent Assoc. 1930 Feb;17(2):293-296. [Crossref]
9. Schell S, Judenhofer MS, Mannheim JG, Hülber-J M, Löst C, Pichler BJ, et al. Validity of longitudinal sections for determining the apical constriction. Int Endod J. 2017 Jul;50(7):706-712. [PubMed]
10. ElAyouti A, Hülber-J M, Judenhofer MS, Connert T, Mannheim JG, Löst C, et al. Apical constriction: location and dimensions in molars-a micro-computed tomography study. J Endod. 2014 Aug;40(8):1095-9. [PubMed]
11. Torres A, Shaheen E, Lambrechts P, Politis C, Jacobs R. Microguided Endodontics: a case report of a maxillary lateral incisor with pulp canal obliteration and apical periodontitis. Int Endod J. 2019 Apr;52(4):540-549. [PubMed]
12. Wu MK, Wesselink PR, Walton RE. Apical terminus location of root canal treatment procedures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2000 Jan;89(1):99-103. [PubMed]
13. Stabholz A, Rotstein I, Torabinejad M. Effect of preflaring on tactile detection of the apical constriction. J Endod. 1995 Feb;21(2):92-4. [PubMed]
14. Leeb J. Canal orifice enlargement as related to biomechanical preparation. J Endod. 1983 Nov;9(11):463-70. [PubMed]
15. Contreras MA, Zinman EH, Kaplan SK. Comparison of the first file that fits at the apex, before and after early flaring. J Endod. 2001 Feb;27(2):113-6. [PubMed]
16. Abarca J, Zaror C, Contreras W, Jadue S, Olguin C, Steinfort K, et al. Morphology of the Physiological Apical Foramen of Maxillary Premolars. Int J Morphol. 2018 Mar;36(1):164-168. [Crossref]
17. Dummer PM, McGinn JH, Rees DG. The position and topography of the apical canal constriction and apical foramen. Int Endod J. 1984 Oct;17(4):192-8. [PubMed]
18. Kfir A, Rosenberg E, Fuss Z. Comparison in vivo of the first tapered and nontapered instruments that bind at the apical constriction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006 Sep;102(3):395-8. [PubMed]
19. Chen M, Wang H, Tsauo C, Huang D, Zhou X, He J, et al. Micro-computed tomography analysis of root canal morphology and thickness of crown and root of mandibular incisors in Chinese population. Clin Oral Investig. 2022 Jan;26(1):901-910. [PubMed - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34338894/ ]
20. Leoni GB, Versiani MA, Pécora JD, Damiгo de Sousa-Neto M. Micro-computed tomographic analysis of the root canal morphology of mandibular incisors. J Endod. 2014 May;40:710-6. [PubMed]
21. Wolf TG, Stiebritz M, Boemke N, Elsayed I, Paqué F, Wierichs RJ, et al. 3-dimensional Analysis and Literature Review of the Root Canal Morphology and Physiological Foramen Geometry of 125 Mandibular Incisors by Means of Micro-Computed Tomography in a German Population. J Endod. 2020 Feb;46(2):184-191. [PubMed]
22. Wolf TG, Paqué F, Sven Patyna M, Willershausen B, Briseño-Marroquín B. Three-dimensional analysis of the physiological foramen geometry of maxillary and mandibular molars by means of micro-CT. Int J Oral Sci. 2017 Sep;9(3):151-157. [PubMed]
23. Chang JWW, Manigandan K, Samaranayake L, NandhaKumar C, AdhityaVasun P, Diji J, et al. Morphotypes of the apical constriction of maxillary molars: a micro-computed tomographic evaluation. Restor Dent Endod. 2022 May;47(2):e19. [Crossref]
24. Schell S, Judenhofer MS, Mannheim JG, Hülber JM, Löst C, Pichler BJ, et al. Validity of longitudinal sections for determining the apical constriction. Int Endod J. 2017 Jul;50(7):706-712. [PubMed]
25. Marroquín BB, El-Sayed MA, Willershausen-Zönnchen B. Morphology of the physiological foramen: I. Maxillary and mandibular molars. J Endod. 2004 May;30(5):21-8. [PubMed]
26. Ponce EH, Fernández, JAV. The cemento-dentino-canal junction, the apical foramen, and the apical constriction: evaluation by optical microscopy. J Endod. 2003 Mar;29(3):214-9. [PubMed]
27. Behera A, Santhanam A, Sherlin HJ, Jayaraj G, Don KR. Estimation of Age Using Dimensions of Apical Foramina of Teeth. J Evolution Med Dent Sci. 2021 Mar 08;10(10):705-711. [Crossref]
28. Abarca J, Zaror C, Monardes H, Hermosilla V, Muсoz C, Cantin M. Morphology of the physiological apical foramen in maxillary and mandibular first molars. Int J Morphol. 2014 Jun;32(2):671-677. [Crossref]
29. Burgel MO, Borba MGD. [SEM analysis of apical anatomy of mandibular premolars.] [in Portuguese] RFO UPF. 2011;16(1):49-53. [Internet]
30. Mizutani T, Ohno N, Nakamura H. Anatomical study of the root apex in the maxillary anterior teeth. J Endod. 1992 Jul;18(7):344-7. [PubMed]
31. Olson DG, Roberts S, Joyce AP, Collins DE, McPherson JC 3rd. Unevenness of the apical constriction in human maxillary central incisors. J Endod. 2008 Feb;34(2):157-9. [PubMed]
32. Meder-Cowherd L, Williamson AE, Johnson WT, Vasilescu D, Walton R, Qian, F. Apical morphology of the palatal roots of maxillary molars by using micro–computed tomography. J Endod. 2011 Aug;37(8):1162-5. [PubMed]
33. Weiger R, Bartha T, Kalwitzki M, Löst C. A clinical method to determine the optimal apical preparation size. Part I. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006 Nov;102(5):686-91. [PubMed]
34. Figdor D, Sundqvist G. A big role for the very small—understanding the endodontic microbial flora. Aust Dent J. 2007;52(1 Suppl):38-51. [PubMed]
35. Weine FS. Endodontic Therapy. 5th edition. Mosby. January 15, 1996. [Internet]
Received: 30 July 2024
Published online: 10 December 2024